If you have ever discussed Cognitive Science with me for extended periods of time, then you’d know that I have often lamented about the need for a 10 year cognitive science “pre-graduate” program. However true it may be that acquiring relevant knowledge from all the different subdisciplines of Cognitive Science – Psychology, Computer Science, Neuroscience, Philosophy, Linguistics, and Anthropology – takes a long amount of time, such a program would be impractical for at least two main reasons:
- Impracticality of long-term planning: To be employable by mid-20s at the latest requires starting by the age of 14 or 16. No sane person in this age group commits to a program so long, that too, with questionable financial or employment utility, especially in the 21st century.
- Inclination towards financially-wise choices: It cannot be denied that everyone is trying to find a way or two to earn money by doing activities that aren’t so unpleasurable. In particular, people usually choose undergraduate (or even graduate) programs by the extent of their financial utility they generate. That’s not to say interests have no role. But given two things that look equally enticing in non-monetary terms, one is inclined to choose one that yields them better money.
Time and again, almost all the (senior) researchers I have come across in the field of Cognitive Science over the last 4 years have expressed that mathematical maturity goes a long way in any field of research including Cognitive Science. Interestingly, a related skill concerning programming is also an immensely useful skill in the 21st century in terms of its financial utility. Putting these two together, it seems that it might actually be possible to propose a standard 3- or 4-year undergraduate program that has both utilities (i) financial/employment (ii) research/higher-studies.
As a doctoral student of Cognitive Science, I still lack any background in Linguistics, Neuroscience, or Anthropology. Whatever little I might have gained through occasional exposure is lost through time. So, it’s difficult to judge the below resources by myself. I invite readers to either leave comments below, or on the public post from which you found this page, or email them to me.
By labeling the program as “Computation and Behavioral Sciences”, I have already split the curriculum into two parts. Thus, anyone with a sufficient exposure from these other disciplines of Linguistics, Neuroscience or Anthropology might be able to suggest the appropriate changes to the second part to come up with a corresponding “Computation and XYZ”. In fact, MIT itself has a curriculum focusing on Neuroscience. My own preference for the curriculum comes from my exposure to Cognitive Science at IIT Kanpur and my ongoing PhD at CEU.
| Semester | Computation | Behavior |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Introduction to Algebra | Introduction to Cognitive Psychology |
| Introduction to Geometry | Fundamentals of Biology | |
| Introduction to Programming | ||
| 2.0 | Paradigms of Programming | Introduction to Neuroscience |
| 2.1 | Polynomials and Equations | |
| Basic Statistics | ||
| 2.2 | Coordinate Geometry | Philosophy of Mind |
| 3 | Probabilty Theory | Hypothesis Testing and Frequentist Methods |
| Single-variable Calculus | Philosophy of Science | |
| Practical Programming | ||
| 4 | Multivariate Calculus | Basic Experimental Methods |
| Linear Algebra | Bayesian Statistics | |
| Discrete Structures | ||
| 5 | Data Structures | Computational Modeling |
| Machine Learning | Embodied, Embedded, Enacted, Extended Cognition | |
| Databases | ||
| 6 | Non-Classical Logic | Neural Data Analysis |
| <Computational Elective 1> | Causal Models and Explanations | |
| <Behavioral Elective 1> | ||
| 7 | <Computational Elective 2> | <Behavioral Elective 2> |
| <Research Project 1> | <Research Project 1> | |
| 8 | <Research Project 2> | <Research Project 2> |
| <General Elective 1> | <General Elective 2> |
The nice thing about the above is even if one drops out by year 1 (semester 2) or year 2 (semester 4), they would already be familiar with numerous topics that are part of the computer science curriculum or its prerequisites. As teachyourselfcs.com says: There are 2 types of software engineer: those who understand computer science well enough to do challenging, innovative work, and those who just get by because they’re familiar with a few high level tools. The courses listed above are motivated for the later kinds of programmers.
One objection to this curriculum can be that this is too heavily focused on Computer Science and Mathematics. The reasons are two-fold: Firstly, because many students opting for Behavioral Science due to a spite with Mathematics. Unfortunately, Mathematics comes back to bite people during their Graduate Studies, if not eventually in life. Secondly, an exposure to Data Structures, Discrete Structures, and Databases serves to provide more examples of “structures that the mind might use for computation”, thus helping the student and the eventual researcher keep an “open mind” once out of college.
With that said, let me now list some resources that may be used for the courses themselves. This is still a work in progress, and is the most time and effort consuming part of this page. Reader discretion is advised for improved suggestions. The audience in mind is a class 12th graduate who may not be good with mathematics; or who may be good with mathematics at the expense of other topics:
| No. | Course & Prerequisites | Resources |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Introduction to Algebra | |
| 2 | Introduction to Geometry | |
| 3 | Introduction to Programming | |
| 4 | Introduction to Cognitive Psychology | Cognitive Psychology: A Student’s Handbook by Michael W. Eysenck, Mark T. Keane |
| 5 | Fundamentals of Biology | Campbell Biology by Lisa A. Urry, Peter V. Minorsky, Kerry L. Hull, Rebecca B. Orr |
| 6 | Paradigms of Programming | |
| Strong: Introduction to Programming | ||
| 7 | Polynomials and Equations | |
| Strong: Introduction to Algebra | ||
| Weak: Introduction to Geometry | ||
| 8 | Basic Statistics | |
| Strong: Introduction to Algebra | ||
| 9 | Introduction to Neuroscience | Neuroscience: Exploring the Brain by Mark Bear, Barry Connors, Michael A. Paradiso |
| Strong: Fundamentals of Biology | ||
| Weak: Introduction to Cognitive Psychology | ||
| 10 | Coordinate Geometry | |
| Strong: Introduction to Geometry | ||
| Strong: Polynomials and Equations | ||
| Weak: Introduction to Algebra | ||
| 11 | Philosophy of Mind | |
| Strong: Introduction to Cognitive Psychology | ||
| Strong: Introduction to Neuroscience | ||
| 12 | Probability Theory | |
| Strong: Basic Statistics | ||
| Strong: Introduction to Algebra | ||
| Weak: Polynomials and Equations | ||
| 13 | Hypothesis Testing and Frequentist Methods | |
| Strong: Basic Statistics | ||
| Strong: Probability Theory | ||
| 14 | Single-variable Calculus | |
| Strong: Polynomials and Equations | ||
| Strong: Coordinate Geometry | ||
| Weak: Introduction to Algebra | ||
| 15 | Practical Programming | |
| Strong: Introduction to Programming | ||
| Strong: Paradigms of Programming | ||
| 16 | Philosophy of Science | |
| Weak: Introduction to Cognitive Psychology | ||
| Weak: Basic Statistics | ||
| 17 | Multivariate Calculus | |
| Strong: Single-variable Calculus | ||
| Weak: Coordinate Geometry | ||
| Weak: Linear Algebra | ||
| 18 | Linear Algebra | |
| Strong: Introduction to Algebra | ||
| Weak: Coordinate Geometry | ||
| Weak: Single-variable Calculus | ||
| 19 | Discrete Structures | |
| Strong: Introduction to Algebra | ||
| Strong: Introduction to Programming | ||
| 20 | Basic Experimental Methods | |
| Strong: Hypothesis Testing and Frequentist Methods | ||
| Strong: Introduction to Cognitive Psychology | ||
| Weak: Probability Theory | ||
| 21 | Bayesian Statistics | |
| Strong: Probability Theory | ||
| Strong: Hypothesis Testing and Frequentist Methods | ||
| Weak: Basic Experimental Methods | ||
| 22 | Data Structures | |
| Strong: Introduction to Programming | ||
| Strong: Paradigms of Programming | ||
| Weak: Discrete Structures | ||
| 23 | Machine Learning | |
| Strong: Probability Theory | ||
| Strong: Linear Algebra | ||
| Strong: Practical Programming | ||
| Weak: Single-variable Calculus | ||
| Weak: Data Structures | ||
| 24 | Databases | |
| Strong: Introduction to Programming | ||
| Strong: Data Structures | ||
| Weak: Practical Programming | ||
| 25 | Computational Modeling | |
| Strong: Machine Learning | ||
| Strong: Introduction to Cognitive Psychology | ||
| Strong: Introduction to Neuroscience | ||
| 26 | Embodied, Embedded, Enacted, Extended, Cognition | The New Science of the Mind by Mark Rowlands (book) |
| Strong: Introduction to Cognitive Psychology | ||
| Strong: Philosophy of Mind | ||
| Weak: Introduction to Neuroscience | ||
| 27 | Neural Data Analysis | Analysis of Neural Data by Robert E. Kass, Uri T. Eden, Emery M. Brown (book); Analyzing Neural Time Series Data: Theory and Practice by Mike X Cohen (book) |
| Strong: Introduction to Neuroscience | ||
| Strong: Machine Learning | ||
| Weak: Linear Algebra | ||
| Weak: Machine Learning | ||
| Weak: Computational Modeling | ||
| 28 | Causal Models and Explanations | Making Things Happen by James Woodward (book); Explaining the Brain by Carl F. Craver (book); Pseudo-mechanistic Explanations in Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience (paper); Mechanistic Explanation in Psychology (paper); Cognitive science as an interface between rational and mechanistic explanation (paper) |
| Strong: Philosophy of Science | ||
| Strong: Basic Experimental Methods | ||
| Strong: Computational Modeling | ||
| Strong: Neural Data Analysis | ||
| Strong: Embodied, Extended, Enacted Cognition | ||
| 29 | Non-Classical Logic | An Introduction to Non-Classical Logic by Graham Priest (book); Non-Axiomatic Logic by Pei Wang (book) |
| Strong: Introduction to Algebra | ||
| Weak: Philosophy of Science |